:root{--paper:#f7f5ee;--paper-deep:#efeade;--white:#fffdf8;--ink:#18201e;--muted:#656a64;--line:#18201e29;--line-soft:#18201e17;--gold:#efbe42;--gold-soft:#f8e4a7;--rust:#a84835;--navy:#123a5a;--plum:#6b3b71;--green:#315b4a;--display:ui-serif, "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, serif;--sans:Inter, ui-sans-serif, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;--page-gutter:clamp(1.25rem, 5vw, 5rem);--section-space:clamp(5rem, 10vw, 9rem)}*{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;background:var(--paper)}body{background:radial-gradient(circle at 82% 2%, #efbe421a, transparent 24rem), var(--paper);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--sans);text-rendering:optimizelegibility;margin:0;font-size:16px;line-height:1.6}a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none}img{max-width:100%;display:block}button,input{color:inherit;font:inherit}button,a{-webkit-tap-highlight-color:transparent}:focus-visible{outline:3px solid var(--rust);outline-offset:4px}::selection{background:var(--gold-soft);color:var(--ink)}.sr-only{clip:rect(0, 0, 0, 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.skip-link{z-index:2000;background:var(--ink);color:#fff;border-radius:999px;padding:.75rem 1rem;transition:transform .18s;position:fixed;top:.75rem;left:.75rem;transform:translateY(-160%)}.skip-link:focus{transform:translateY(0)}.section-shell{width:min(100%,1440px);padding-inline:var(--page-gutter);margin-inline:auto}.eyebrow{color:var(--rust);letter-spacing:.14em;text-transform:uppercase;margin:0 0 1rem;font-size:.74rem;font-weight:750;line-height:1.3}h1,h2,h3,p{margin-top:0}h1,h2{font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.035em;font-weight:500;line-height:.98}h1{font-size:clamp(3.5rem,8vw,7.7rem)}h2{margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(2.4rem,5vw,5rem)}h3{line-height:1.2}.site-header{z-index:10;width:min(100%,1440px);min-height:6.75rem;padding:1.5rem var(--page-gutter);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line-soft);justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-inline:auto;display:flex;position:relative}.wordmark{align-items:center;gap:.9rem;display:inline-flex}.wordmark-mark{width:2.7rem;height:3.45rem;display:block}.wordmark-mark img{object-fit:contain;width:100%;height:100%}.wordmark-name{letter-spacing:.02em;font-size:.82rem;font-weight:650;line-height:1.25}.nus-lockup{aspect-ratio:728/328;opacity:.9;width:8.75rem;transition:opacity .18s;display:block;overflow:hidden}.nus-lockup img{object-fit:contain;width:100%;height:auto;display:block;transform:translateY(-19.8%)}.nus-lockup:hover{opacity:1}.button{border:1px solid #0000;border-radius:999px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:.45rem;min-height:3.15rem;padding:.8rem 1.25rem;font-size:.84rem;font-weight:700;transition:background-color .18s,color .18s,border-color .18s,transform .18s;display:inline-flex}.button:hover{transform:translateY(-2px)}.button-primary{background:var(--gold);color:var(--ink)}.button-primary:hover{background:#e6ad22}.button-quiet{border-color:var(--line);background:#ffffff57}.button-quiet:hover{border-color:var(--ink);background:var(--white)}.button-dark{background:var(--ink);color:#fff}.button-dark:hover{background:var(--navy)}.text-link{white-space:nowrap;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;font-size:.84rem;font-weight:700;display:inline-flex}.text-link span{transition:transform .18s}.text-link:hover span{transform:translate(2px,-2px)}.hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.08fr) minmax(22rem,.92fr);align-items:center;gap:clamp(2.5rem,7vw,8rem);min-height:calc(100svh - 6.75rem);padding-block:clamp(3rem,7vw,7rem) clamp(4rem,9vw,7.5rem);display:grid}.hero-copy{z-index:2;position:relative}.hero h1{max-width:10ch;margin:0 0 2rem}.hero-lede{color:#3f4743;max-width:38rem;margin-bottom:2rem;font-size:clamp(1.12rem,1.6vw,1.45rem);line-height:1.55}.hero-actions{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.7rem;display:flex}.hero-visual{background:var(--paper);border-radius:100px;justify-content:flex-end;align-items:stretch;min-height:27rem;margin:0;display:flex;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.hero-visual img{object-fit:cover;object-position:right center;width:100%;height:100%}.section-heading{margin-bottom:clamp(2.5rem,5vw,4.5rem)}.heading-with-link,.research-heading{justify-content:space-between;align-items:end;gap:2rem;display:flex}.research-heading>p{max-width:31rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:.4rem}.news-section,.research-section,.recent-publications,.people-section,.join-section{padding-block:var(--section-space);scroll-margin-top:3rem}.news-section{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.news-grid{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);display:grid}.news-card{border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:#fffdf83d;min-height:20rem;padding:clamp(1.5rem,3.5vw,3rem);transition:background-color .22s}.news-card:hover{background:var(--white)}.news-card:first-child{background:var(--gold-soft)}.news-meta{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;margin-bottom:clamp(2.5rem,5vw,4.5rem);font-size:.7rem;font-weight:650;display:flex}.news-type{color:var(--rust);border:1px solid;border-radius:999px;padding:.32rem .62rem;display:inline-flex}.news-card h3{max-width:24ch;font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.02em;margin-bottom:1rem;font-size:clamp(1.45rem,2.1vw,2rem);font-weight:500}.news-card>p{max-width:42rem;color:var(--muted)}.inline-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.65rem 1.15rem;margin-top:1.5rem;display:flex}.inline-links a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-bottom:.12rem;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700}.media-coverage{border-top:1px solid var(--line);margin-top:clamp(4.5rem,9vw,8rem);padding-top:clamp(2.5rem,5vw,4rem)}.media-coverage-heading{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) minmax(18rem,.72fr);align-items:end;gap:2rem;margin-bottom:clamp(2rem,4vw,3.25rem);display:grid}.media-coverage-heading h3{font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.035em;margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(2.35rem,4.5vw,4.6rem);font-weight:500;line-height:1}.media-coverage-heading>p{max-width:34rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:.35rem}.media-logo-grid{border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-left:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));display:grid}.media-logo{border-right:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);min-height:clamp(7.5rem,12vw,10rem);color:var(--rust);isolation:isolate;background:#fffdf829;place-items:center;padding:clamp(1rem,2.4vw,2rem);transition:background-color .22s,color .22s;display:grid;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.media-logo:before{z-index:-1;background:var(--rust);content:"";transition:transform .32s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1);position:absolute;inset:0;transform:translateY(101%)}.media-logo:hover,.media-logo:focus-visible{color:var(--white)}.media-logo:hover:before,.media-logo:focus-visible:before{transform:translateY(0)}.media-wordmark{text-align:center;text-wrap:balance;max-width:100%}.media-logo-arrow{opacity:0;font-size:.72rem;transition:opacity .18s,transform .22s;position:absolute;top:.75rem;right:.85rem;transform:translate(-.25rem,.25rem)}.media-logo:hover .media-logo-arrow,.media-logo:focus-visible .media-logo-arrow{opacity:.85;transform:translate(0)}.media-logo[data-brand=nature-materials] .media-wordmark{font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.055em;text-transform:lowercase;font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2vw,1.8rem);font-weight:700}.media-logo[data-brand=scientific-american] .media-wordmark{font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.035em;font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.65vw,1.55rem);font-weight:600}.media-logo[data-brand=physics-world] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.055em;text-transform:lowercase;font-size:clamp(1.1rem,1.8vw,1.65rem);font-weight:800}.media-logo[data-brand=acm] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.03em;max-width:12rem;font-size:clamp(.95rem,1.35vw,1.2rem);font-weight:750;line-height:1.08}.media-logo[data-brand=cavmag] .media-wordmark{font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.06em;font-size:clamp(1.55rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);font-style:italic;font-weight:600}.media-logo[data-brand=cambridge] .media-wordmark,.media-logo[data-brand=oxford] .media-wordmark{max-width:10rem;font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.035em;font-size:clamp(1rem,1.5vw,1.35rem);font-weight:600;line-height:1.08}.media-logo[data-brand=phys-org] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.075em;font-size:clamp(1.45rem,2.4vw,2.2rem);font-weight:800}.media-logo[data-brand=iflscience] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.065em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2vw,1.8rem);font-weight:850}.media-logo[data-brand=tech-explorist] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.045em;font-size:clamp(1.1rem,1.75vw,1.55rem);font-weight:780}.media-logo[data-brand=new-scientist] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:-.075em;font-size:clamp(1.2rem,2vw,1.8rem);font-weight:900}.media-logo[data-brand=astar] .media-wordmark{letter-spacing:.02em;font-size:clamp(1.1rem,1.75vw,1.55rem);font-weight:800}.research-section{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 100vmax var(--ink);clip-path:inset(0 -100vmax)}.research-section .eyebrow{color:var(--gold)}.research-section .research-heading>p{color:#ffffffa3}.research-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:clamp(1rem,2.2vw,2rem);display:grid}.research-card{color:#fff;background:#202826;border:1px solid #ffffff26;border-radius:.45rem;grid-template-rows:auto 1fr;min-height:35rem;transition:transform .25s,border-color .25s;display:grid;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.research-card:hover{border-color:#ffffff70;transform:translateY(-5px)}.research-card-image{aspect-ratio:3;background:#111916;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.research-card-image:after{content:"";background:linear-gradient(#0000 45%,#0b1110a6);position:absolute;inset:0}.research-card-image img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:132%;transform:translate3d(0, var(--image-shift,-12%), 0);will-change:transform}.research-number{z-index:1;color:#fff;font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(3.7rem,7vw,6.5rem);line-height:1;position:absolute;bottom:1rem;right:1.5rem}.research-card-copy{background:#202826;min-height:22rem;padding:clamp(1.5rem,3.4vw,3rem)}.research-card-copy .eyebrow{color:var(--gold)}.research-card-copy h3{max-width:18ch;font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.03em;margin-bottom:1.2rem;font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3vw,3rem);font-weight:500}.research-card-copy>p:not(.eyebrow){color:#ffffffad;max-width:39rem;margin-bottom:2rem}.research-card-copy .text-link{color:#fff}.research-card.accent-rust .research-card-copy .eyebrow,.research-card.accent-rust .research-number{color:#f2a48f}.research-card.accent-navy .research-card-copy .eyebrow,.research-card.accent-navy .research-number{color:#8cc4e6}.research-card.accent-plum .research-card-copy .eyebrow,.research-card.accent-plum .research-number{color:#d4a0d8}.journey{padding-block:var(--section-space)}.journey-intro{max-width:42rem;margin-bottom:clamp(3rem,8vw,7rem)}.journey-intro>p:last-child{max-width:32rem;color:var(--muted);margin:1.5rem 0 0;font-size:1.05rem}.journey-layout{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.1fr) minmax(20rem,.9fr);gap:clamp(3rem,8vw,9rem);display:grid}.journey-steps{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.journey-step{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);opacity:.28;min-height:58vh;padding:clamp(2rem,6vw,5.5rem) 0;transition:opacity .35s}.journey-step.is-active{opacity:1}.journey-step-meta{color:var(--rust);letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;gap:1rem;margin-bottom:2.2rem;font-size:.7rem;font-weight:750;display:flex}.journey-step-meta span:first-child{color:var(--muted)}.journey-step h3{max-width:16ch;font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.035em;margin-bottom:1.25rem;font-size:clamp(2rem,4vw,4.25rem);font-weight:500}.journey-step>p{max-width:34rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:clamp(1rem,1.4vw,1.15rem)}.journey-visual{position:relative}.journey-visual-inner{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(var(--line-soft) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, var(--line-soft) 1px, transparent 1px), var(--white);background-size:3rem 3rem;border-radius:45% 45% .4rem .4rem;place-items:center;min-height:min(78vh,46rem);display:grid;position:sticky;top:clamp(1.5rem,9vh,6rem);overflow:hidden}.journey-visual svg{width:min(82%,24rem);height:min(70vh,39rem);overflow:visible}.journey-path-shadow,.journey-path{fill:none;stroke-linecap:round}.journey-path-shadow{stroke:#18201e0f;stroke-width:11px}.journey-path{stroke:var(--navy);stroke-dasharray:3 12;stroke-width:2.2px}.journey-node circle{fill:var(--paper);stroke:var(--line);stroke-width:1.5px;transition:fill .35s,stroke .35s}.journey-node text{fill:var(--muted);font-family:var(--sans);font-size:7px;font-weight:800;transition:fill .35s}.journey-node.is-active circle{fill:var(--gold-soft);stroke:var(--gold)}.journey-node.is-active text{fill:var(--ink)}.journey-marker{transition:transform .65s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1)}.journey-marker-halo{fill:#efbe4233;stroke:#a8483559;stroke-width:1px}.journey-marker-core{fill:var(--rust)}.journey-readout{color:var(--ink);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;align-items:center;gap:.75rem;font-size:.72rem;display:flex;position:absolute;bottom:1.2rem;right:1.2rem}.journey-readout span{aspect-ratio:1;background:var(--gold);border-radius:50%;place-items:center;width:2rem;font-weight:800;display:grid}.recent-publications,.recent-publication-list{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.recent-publication{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:3.5rem 1fr auto;align-items:start;gap:clamp(1rem,3vw,2.5rem);padding:clamp(1.4rem,3vw,2.35rem) 0;display:grid}.publication-index{color:var(--rust);letter-spacing:.08em;padding-top:.22rem;font-size:.7rem;font-weight:750}.publication-venue{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:.5rem;font-size:.7rem;font-weight:750}.recent-publication h3,.publication-row h3{font-family:var(--display);letter-spacing:-.02em;margin-bottom:.65rem;font-size:clamp(1.25rem,2.3vw,2rem);font-weight:500}.recent-publication h3 a,.publication-row h3 a{background-image:linear-gradient(var(--rust), var(--rust));background-position:0 100%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:0 1px;transition:background-size .25s}.recent-publication h3 a:hover,.publication-row h3 a:hover{background-size:100% 1px}.publication-authors{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:0;font-size:.84rem}.round-link{aspect-ratio:1;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:50%;place-items:center;width:2.75rem;transition:background-color .18s,color .18s,transform .18s;display:grid}.round-link:hover{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;transform:translate(2px,-2px)}.people-section{background:var(--paper-deep);box-shadow:0 0 0 100vmax var(--paper-deep);clip-path:inset(0 -100vmax)}.people-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fit,minmax(min(100%,17rem),20rem));gap:clamp(1.25rem,3vw,2.5rem);display:grid}.person-card{flex-direction:column;display:flex}.person-photo{aspect-ratio:1;border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--white);position:relative;overflow:hidden}.person-photo img{object-fit:cover;object-position:50% 18%;filter:saturate(.86);width:100%;height:100%;transition:filter .25s,transform .5s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1)}.person-card:hover .person-photo img{filter:saturate();transform:scale(1.02)}.person-copy{padding-top:1rem}.person-copy h3{font-family:var(--display);margin-bottom:.15rem;font-size:1.45rem;font-weight:500}.person-role{color:var(--rust);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:.75rem;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:750}.person-copy>p:not(.person-role){color:var(--muted);font-size:.85rem}.person-copy a{font-size:.8rem;font-weight:700}.join-section{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.05fr) minmax(20rem,.95fr);gap:clamp(2rem,7vw,8rem);display:grid}.join-copy{align-self:center}.join-copy h2{max-width:12ch;margin-bottom:1.6rem}.join-copy>p:not(.eyebrow){max-width:36rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:2rem;font-size:1.05rem}.location-card{border:1px solid var(--line);background:linear-gradient(var(--line-soft) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, var(--line-soft) 1px, transparent 1px), var(--white);background-size:2rem 2rem;border-radius:12rem 12rem .4rem .4rem;align-content:end;min-height:28rem;padding:clamp(2rem,5vw,4.25rem);position:relative;overflow:hidden}.location-card h3{max-width:12ch;font-family:var(--display);margin-bottom:.75rem;font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3vw,2.8rem);font-weight:500;line-height:1.05}.location-card>p:not(.eyebrow){color:var(--muted)}.location-card>a{font-size:.8rem;font-weight:700}.location-marker{aspect-ratio:1;background:#efbe4230;border:1px solid #a8483547;border-radius:50%;place-items:center;width:4.75rem;animation:3s ease-in-out infinite location-pulse;display:grid;position:absolute;top:24%;left:68%}.location-marker:before{aspect-ratio:1;content:"";border:1px solid #a8483573;border-radius:50%;width:2.2rem}.location-marker span{aspect-ratio:1;background:var(--rust);border-radius:50%;width:.55rem;position:absolute}@keyframes location-pulse{0%,to{transform:scale(1)}50%{transform:scale(1.08)}}.site-footer{min-height:23rem;padding:clamp(3rem, 7vw, 6rem) var(--page-gutter) 8rem;background:var(--ink);color:#ffffffa6;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;align-items:end;gap:2rem;display:grid}.site-footer p{margin-bottom:0}.footer-kicker{color:#fff;font-family:var(--display);font-size:clamp(1.4rem,2.5vw,2.2rem)}.footer-links{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-end;gap:.45rem;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:650;display:flex}.footer-meta{border-top:1px solid #ffffff24;grid-column:1/-1;padding-top:2rem;font-size:.72rem}.floating-nav{z-index:1000;bottom:max(1rem, env(safe-area-inset-bottom));-webkit-backdrop-filter:blur(26px)saturate(1.65)contrast(1.04);backdrop-filter:blur(26px)saturate(1.65)contrast(1.04);isolation:isolate;background:#fafaf742;border:1px solid #ffffff94;border-radius:999px;align-items:center;gap:.15rem;max-width:calc(100vw - 1.5rem);padding:.42rem;transition:background-color .24s,box-shadow .24s,transform .35s cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1);display:flex;position:fixed;left:50%;overflow:hidden;transform:translate(-50%);box-shadow:inset 0 1px #ffffffc2,inset 0 -1px #fff3,0 .8rem 2.5rem #1119171f}.floating-nav:before,.floating-nav:after{z-index:0;border-radius:inherit;content:"";pointer-events:none;position:absolute}.floating-nav:before{background:linear-gradient(115deg,#ffffff75,#ffffff14 45%,#ffffff3d);inset:1px}.floating-nav:after{filter:blur(5px);opacity:.55;background:radial-gradient(#ffffff85,#0000 68%);width:36%;height:250%;animation:9s ease-in-out infinite alternate liquid-glass-glint;top:-80%;left:-18%;transform:rotate(12deg)}@keyframes liquid-glass-glint{to{left:82%;transform:rotate(-10deg)}}.floating-nav.is-scrolled{background:#fafaf761;transform:translate(-50%)translateY(-2px);box-shadow:inset 0 1px #ffffffd1,inset 0 -1px #ffffff38,0 1rem 2.8rem #11191729}.floating-nav a{z-index:1;color:#505652;white-space:nowrap;border-radius:999px;padding:.65rem .9rem;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;transition:background-color .18s,color .18s;position:relative}.floating-nav a:hover{color:var(--ink);background:#18201e12}.floating-nav a.is-active{color:#fff;background:#18201ed6;box-shadow:inset 0 1px #ffffff2e}.floating-home{font-family:var(--display);color:var(--ink)!important;font-size:.8rem!important}.floating-divider{z-index:1;background:var(--line);width:1px;height:1.2rem;margin-inline:.1rem;position:relative}.nav-short{display:none}.archive-main{min-height:70vh}.archive-hero{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding-block:clamp(4rem,9vw,8rem)}.archive-hero h1{margin:1.5rem 0 1.6rem}.archive-hero>p:last-child{max-width:40rem;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:0;font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.5vw,1.25rem)}.back-link{color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:3.5rem;font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700;display:inline-block}.back-link:hover{color:var(--ink)}.archive-content,.news-archive{padding-block:clamp(3rem,7vw,7rem) 9rem}.publication-tools{grid-template-columns:1fr minmax(15rem,22rem);align-items:start;gap:2rem;margin-bottom:2rem;display:grid}.filter-row{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.55rem;display:flex}.filter-row button,.empty-state button{border:1px solid var(--line);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border-radius:999px;padding:.58rem .9rem;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;transition:background-color .18s,color .18s,border-color .18s}.filter-row button:hover,.filter-row button.is-active{border-color:var(--ink);background:var(--ink);color:#fff}.publication-search{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--white);border-radius:999px;align-items:center;gap:.65rem;min-height:2.85rem;padding:0 .9rem;display:flex}.publication-search:focus-within{border-color:var(--rust);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px #a848351f}.publication-search svg{fill:none;width:1rem;stroke:var(--muted);stroke-linecap:round;stroke-width:1.7px}.publication-search input{background:0 0;border:0;outline:0;width:100%;font-size:.78rem}.result-count{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;margin-bottom:2rem;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700}.publication-year{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(5rem,.22fr) 1fr;gap:clamp(1rem,5vw,5rem);padding-block:clamp(2rem,5vw,4rem);display:grid}.publication-year>h2{font-family:var(--display);align-self:start;font-size:clamp(1.8rem,3vw,2.6rem);font-weight:500;position:sticky;top:2rem}.publication-row{grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:1.5rem;padding:0 0 2rem;display:grid}.publication-row+.publication-row{border-top:1px solid var(--line-soft);padding-top:2rem}.publication-row h3{max-width:52rem}.tag-row{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.4rem;margin-top:1rem;display:flex}.tag-row span{background:var(--paper-deep);color:var(--muted);border-radius:999px;padding:.25rem .5rem;font-size:.63rem;font-weight:650}.doi-link{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);letter-spacing:.06em;align-self:start;padding-bottom:.2rem;font-size:.68rem;font-weight:800}.empty-state{border:1px solid var(--line);text-align:center;padding:4rem 2rem}.news-archive{grid-template-columns:1fr;display:grid}.news-card.is-compact{border:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);background:0 0;grid-template-columns:minmax(9rem,.22fr) minmax(0,1fr) minmax(12rem,.36fr);gap:clamp(1.5rem,5vw,5rem);min-height:auto;padding:clamp(1.75rem,4vw,3.5rem) 0;display:grid}.news-card.is-compact:hover{background:0 0}.news-card.is-compact .news-meta{margin-bottom:0;display:block}.news-card.is-compact .news-meta time{margin-top:.85rem;display:block}.news-card.is-compact h3{font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.7vw,2.6rem)}.news-card.is-compact>p{grid-area:1/3}.news-card.is-compact .inline-links{grid-column:3;align-self:start;margin-top:5.8rem}.research-detail{--detail-accent:var(--gold)}.research-detail.accent-rust{--detail-accent:#db806a}.research-detail.accent-navy{--detail-accent:#69a7cc}.research-detail.accent-plum{--detail-accent:#b677bc}.research-detail-hero{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1.05fr) minmax(22rem,.95fr);align-items:center;gap:clamp(2.5rem,7vw,8rem);min-height:calc(100svh - 6.75rem);padding-block:clamp(3rem,7vw,7rem);display:grid}.research-detail-copy h1{max-width:12ch;margin:1.2rem 0 2rem;font-size:clamp(3.3rem,7vw,7rem)}.research-detail-copy .eyebrow{color:var(--rust)}.detail-thesis{max-width:39rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:clamp(1.1rem,1.8vw,1.5rem)}.research-detail-image{aspect-ratio:1;border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--white);border-radius:48% 48% .4rem .4rem;margin:0;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.research-detail-image:after{content:"";position:absolute;inset:0;box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 1.1rem #ffffff14}.research-detail-image img{object-fit:cover;width:100%;height:100%}.detail-question,.detail-approach,.detail-projects,.detail-publications,.detail-cta{padding-block:var(--section-space)}.detail-question{border-top:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:minmax(8rem,.28fr) minmax(0,.72fr);column-gap:clamp(2rem,7vw,8rem);display:grid}.detail-question .eyebrow{grid-row:span 2}.detail-question h2{max-width:18ch;margin-bottom:2rem;font-size:clamp(2.2rem,4.5vw,4.5rem)}.detail-question>p:last-child{max-width:46rem;color:var(--muted);font-size:clamp(1.05rem,1.6vw,1.3rem)}.detail-approach{background:var(--ink);color:#fff;box-shadow:0 0 0 100vmax var(--ink);clip-path:inset(0 -100vmax)}.detail-approach .eyebrow{color:var(--detail-accent)}.approach-grid{border-top:1px solid #ffffff2e;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);display:grid}.approach-grid article{border-bottom:1px solid #ffffff2e;border-right:1px solid #ffffff2e;min-height:22rem;padding:clamp(1.5rem,3vw,2.75rem)}.approach-grid article:first-child{border-left:1px solid #ffffff2e}.approach-grid article>span{color:var(--detail-accent);font-size:.7rem;font-weight:750}.approach-grid h3{font-family:var(--display);margin:5rem 0 1rem;font-size:clamp(1.7rem,2.8vw,2.6rem);font-weight:500}.approach-grid p{color:#ffffff9e}.project-grid{background:var(--line);border:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:1px;display:grid}.project-grid article{background:var(--paper);min-height:17rem;padding:clamp(1.5rem,3.5vw,3rem)}.project-grid h3{max-width:13ch;font-family:var(--display);margin-bottom:1.2rem;font-size:clamp(1.5rem,2.5vw,2.3rem);font-weight:500}.project-grid p{color:var(--muted)}.collaborator-note{border:1px solid var(--line);background:var(--white);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.45rem 1rem;margin-top:1.5rem;padding:1.4rem 1.5rem;font-size:.8rem;display:flex}.collaborator-note span{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.1em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.66rem;font-weight:750}.detail-publications{border-top:1px solid var(--line)}.detail-publication-grid{background:var(--line);border:1px solid var(--line);grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:1px;display:grid}.detail-publication-grid>a{background:var(--white);flex-direction:column;min-height:22rem;padding:clamp(1.5rem,3.5vw,3rem);transition:background-color .18s;display:flex}.detail-publication-grid>a:hover{background:var(--gold-soft)}.detail-publication-grid span{color:var(--muted);letter-spacing:.08em;text-transform:uppercase;font-size:.67rem;font-weight:750}.detail-publication-grid h3{font-family:var(--display);margin:3.5rem 0 1rem;font-size:clamp(1.45rem,2.4vw,2.2rem);font-weight:500}.detail-publication-grid p{color:var(--muted);font-size:.8rem}.detail-publication-grid strong{margin-top:auto;font-size:.75rem}.detail-cta{text-align:center}.detail-cta h2{max-width:17ch;margin:0 auto 2.5rem}.not-found{min-height:70vh;padding-block:clamp(5rem,12vw,10rem)}.not-found h1{max-width:12ch;margin-bottom:2rem}.not-found>p:not(.eyebrow){color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:2rem}@media (max-width:1050px){.hero,.research-detail-hero{grid-template-columns:1fr}.hero-visual{width:min(100%,38rem);min-height:34rem;margin-inline:auto}.hero-visual figcaption{right:1rem}.research-detail-image{width:min(100%,37rem)}.news-card.is-compact{grid-template-columns:8rem minmax(0,1fr)}.news-card.is-compact>p,.news-card.is-compact .inline-links{grid-area:auto/2}.news-card.is-compact .inline-links{margin-top:.5rem}.media-logo-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media (max-width:820px){:root{--section-space:5.5rem}.nus-lockup{width:7rem}.hero{min-height:auto}.heading-with-link,.research-heading{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start}.media-coverage-heading{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:1rem}.news-grid,.research-grid,.detail-publication-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.research-card{min-height:auto}.journey-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr}.journey-step{min-height:auto;padding-block:3.5rem}.journey-visual{grid-row:1}.journey-visual-inner{min-height:34rem;position:relative;top:auto}.join-section{grid-template-columns:1fr}.location-card{min-height:26rem}.publication-tools,.publication-year{grid-template-columns:1fr}.publication-year>h2{position:static}.detail-question{grid-template-columns:1fr}.detail-question .eyebrow{grid-row:auto}.approach-grid,.project-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}.approach-grid article,.project-grid article{min-height:auto}.approach-grid h3{margin-top:3rem}.site-footer{grid-template-columns:1fr}.footer-links{align-items:flex-start}}@media (max-width:600px){:root{--page-gutter:1.15rem}body{font-size:15px}.site-header{min-height:5.5rem;padding-block:1rem}.wordmark{gap:.65rem}.wordmark-mark{width:2.65rem}.wordmark-name{font-size:.7rem}.nus-lockup{width:5.75rem}.hero{padding-top:3.5rem}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(3.25rem,17vw,5.1rem)}.hero-actions{flex-direction:column;align-items:stretch}.hero-visual{min-height:27rem}.news-grid{border-left:0}.media-logo-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}.news-card{border-left:1px solid var(--line);min-height:18rem}.research-card-copy{min-height:auto}.recent-publication{grid-template-columns:2rem 1fr}.round-link{display:none}.people-grid{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}.person-card{max-width:22rem}.floating-nav{justify-content:center;gap:0;width:calc(100vw - .8rem);padding:.3rem}.floating-nav a{text-align:center;flex:1;padding:.62rem .36rem}.floating-home,.floating-divider,.nav-long{display:none}.nav-short{display:inline}.publication-row{grid-template-columns:1fr}.doi-link{justify-self:start}.news-card.is-compact{grid-template-columns:1fr}.news-card.is-compact>p,.news-card.is-compact .inline-links{grid-column:1}.research-detail-hero{min-height:auto}.research-detail-copy h1{font-size:clamp(3.1rem,15vw,5rem)}.location-marker{top:18%;left:66%}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,:before,:after{scroll-behavior:auto!important;transition-duration:.001ms!important;animation-duration:.001ms!important;animation-iteration-count:1!important}.journey-step{opacity:1}.research-card-image img{will-change:auto;transform:translateY(-12%)}}